Stress And Well Being Psychology Essay

Stress And Well Being Psychology Essay tidy sum act in different ways in tryful situations, some(prenominal) piece of tail cope with sieveful situation and some croupnot cope. People be much stressed today than in the past. Researches were made to measure and to plow stress.For metre stress, researches phthisisd a couple of types. One was the Social enrolment rating scale or SRRS. This measure of stress was devised by Holmes and Rahe in 1960. Their thought was that stress is more about the need of readjustment and change. For their research, they self-possessed almost 400 Ameri send packings and listed a scale of life even upts that could affect an individual. In their opinion, life changes have a major impact on an individual. In this scale at the top was death of a spouse with vitamin C units of life changes and the rest were adjusted accordingly. Almost 300 or even more of life changes units were linked to high psychological and physical distemperes. Applying this system to measure stress, leads to some flunk and strengths, in which, the strength will be that it does capture something about stress, as SRRS were proven to be related to illnesses. A weakness could be that a particular life event the the like an operation for a person who has a life threatening illness is more stressful than a person operation for esthetical sweetening who just want to change something.(handouts, 12.11.2012)Questionnaires measures is an different type of stress measuring like SRRS, the Type A temperament, Hassles and Uplifts, etc. With questionnaire method is more scant(p) to measure stress be guinea pig they argon quick and easy to administrate, scarcely the weakness is that race may not be sincere when they answer. Some population could give way answers in a way that will make them port good (social desirability bias). in that location atomic number 18 overly job variety questionnaire based on job demands. Workers facing high psychological manoeuvreloads demands and pressure, who work very fast(a), very hard and do not have liberal sequence to finish their job, are in a greater try for mental and physical illness.(handouts, 12.11.2012)Another type of stress measuring is manoeuverled observation. There are various ways to measure, some of them cruel for example galvanizing shocks, overcrowding, extremes of heat and colds used as stressors and others methods, by permanent interrupting the subjects during tests. A good deal of researches were made on a link amongst Type A personality and heart diseases. The ones who developed the idea of Type A personality were Friedman and Rosenman. They had a different style to measure this Type A. They were given tests to mountain and then they constantly interrupt them during testing. They could observe that some of the participants dealt well with interruptions but some were more stressed because of the constant interruptions.(handouts, 12.11.2012)While measuring stress, re searchers came up with some methods of stress management. They grouped up this stress management methods in two, one psychological method in which are hardiness breeding and stress inoculation teach and the other is the physiological method containing drugs and biofeedback techniques. (Gross, R., psychology, fifth edition, 2005)Suzanne Kobasas cogency Training has the triad major Cs Control, Commitment and Challenge. The stack with hardiness personality are more in control of their lives, they can manage part stressful situation and see difficulties as a challenge rather than a problem. Thats why Hardy personality is stress-resistant. The training for this has cardinal stages. The first one is focusing, in which the client is thought to be equal to(p) to recognise the biological signs of stress such as cast up of heart rate, muscle tension and also to be able to unwrap the source for this stress. The second stage consists in reliving stress encounters, in which the client s relive their stress encounters and are back uped in analysing those situations and their response to them. This method could give them some insight on coping strategies. The last one, self-improvement, involves learning of clean techniques for the increase of the three Cs.(psychology AS, 2012/handout, 22.10.2012)Stress vaccination Training or personate is aiming to change peoples behaviour and thinking and is a cognitive behavioural therapy being specifically developed to deal with stress. There are also three stages as in Hardiness. The first stage is Conceptualisation point, in which a relation is established surrounded by client and the therapist and the client is meliorate about the impact and nature of stress. The client is trained to be able to identify the stressors and to learn how to breaks them down into chunks that can be tackled. The second phase is Skills acquisition. Here the person will develop skills in constructive thinking. graduation exercise the skills are taught and practised in the clinic and after that they can be stepwise rehearsed in real life. The skills can include positive thinking, relaxation, social skills, etc. The last phase Application and follow-through, in which clients are given opportunities to obtain in real life the coping skills learned, some could be carry to even train others as well.(psychology AS, 2012/handout, 22.10.2012)The Hardiness Training and the Stress Inoculation Training are both psychological methods. The next method is physiological which consist in Drugs intake as a method of stress management.There are a lot various types of tranquiliser and anti-anxiety drugs. The most parking area are benzodiazepines or Bz shortened. These include Librium, Ativan and Valium. The case of this drugs is to lower the direct of serotonin activity in the brain. If the level of serotonin is too low, take a shit depression but if it is too high fix anxiety. In 1960 they were super prescribed as a replacemen t for barbiturates. Another group of tranquiliser are beta-blockers. Their activity is that of step-down the activation of the sympathetic branch of the anatomic queasy system meaning the activity reduction of SAM axis. The drugs are fast effective but the problem is that they are highly addictive.(handout, 29.10.2012)Based on the evaluations of the methods, there can be found a lot of weaknesses and strengths in each and every one of them as well as similarities and differences between them.In Hardiness Training strengths are that is it working, it deals with the cause of stress not just the symptoms, are more effective to people. The weaknesses consists in focusing on middle-class business people, some people find control stressful-they dont like to be in control, people respond in different ways to Hardiness Training, some people doubt about the all three Cs being equally important in protection against stress and even though control is important the commitment and challenges h ave no effects. (hand out, 22.10.2012 / psychology AS, 2012)SIT works well in general and also works for acute and conic stress. The weaknesses of SIT consists in it being time consuming, requiring high motivation and in the fact that not all people need the same skills to cope with stress. (hand out, 22.10. 2012 / psychology AS, 2012)Drugs work in reducing anxiety also BZ are better than placebo effect, drugs are easy to use involving only the need to actually take the pill and for some forms of phobias are quite handy. Weaknesses are the fact that some drugs are highly addictive, produce strong withdrawal symptoms, patients develop tolerance to them quickly, effectiveness requires a higher dosage, they have a limit of recommended intakes of a maximum of four weeks, treats the symptoms not the actual cause of stress, does not sort out the problem and because of dependency of drugs some people become like vegetables. ( hand out, 29.10. 2012 / psychology AS, 2012)The similarities be tween these types are all of the methods allows the person to be in a better frame of mind to deal with stress both SIT and Hardiness Training involves motivation and they take place over weeks and treat the cause rather than the symptoms and both change the way people think and help people learn skills to deal with their stress.The differences between these types are The effects of the drugs are relatively instant while the effects of SIT and HT require a longer period of time and greater effort until the results are seen Drugs can be addictive and have short term solutions but other methods like HT may deal with the real issue people can develop tolerance to drugs in comparison with the other methods that are more constant drugs have side effects, the other methods dont no withdrawal effect from stopping SIT and HT like there is with drugs HT depends on the liking for control but drugs dont.